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<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 函数</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 时间操作</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="difftime.html" title="c/chrono/difftime"><span class="t-lines"><span>difftime</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="time.html" title="c/chrono/time"><span class="t-lines"><span>time</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="clock.html" title="c/chrono/clock"><span class="t-lines"><span>clock</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="timespec_get.html" title="c/chrono/timespec get"><span class="t-lines"><span>timespec_get</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h2"><td colspan="5"> 格式转换</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="asctime.html" title="c/chrono/asctime"><span class="t-lines"><span>asctime</span><span>asctime_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="ctime.html" title="c/chrono/ctime"><span class="t-lines"><span>ctime</span><span>ctime_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="strftime.html" title="c/chrono/strftime"><span class="t-lines"><span>strftime</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="wcsftime.html" title="c/chrono/wcsftime"><span class="t-lines"><span>wcsftime</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c95">(C95)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="gmtime.html" title="c/chrono/gmtime"><span class="t-lines"><span>gmtime</span><span>gmtime_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><strong class="selflink"><span class="t-lines"><span>localtime</span><span>localtime_s</span></span></strong></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="mktime.html" title="c/chrono/mktime"><span class="t-lines"><span>mktime</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv-h1"><td colspan="5"> 常量</td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="CLOCKS_PER_SEC.html" title="c/chrono/CLOCKS PER SEC"><span class="t-lines"><span>CLOCKS_PER_SEC</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
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<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="tm.html" title="c/chrono/tm"><span class="t-lines"><span>tm</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="time_t.html" title="c/chrono/time t"><span class="t-lines"><span>time_t</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="clock_t.html" title="c/chrono/clock t"><span class="t-lines"><span>clock_t</span></span></a></div></div></td></tr>
<tr class="t-nv"><td colspan="5"><div class="t-nv-ln-table"><div><a href="timespec.html" title="c/chrono/timespec"><span class="t-lines"><span>timespec</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div></td></tr>
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<td> <div>定义于头文件 <code>&lt;time.h&gt;</code>
 </div></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr> 
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw1">struct</span> <a href="tm.html"><span class="kw522">tm</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>localtime  <span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="time_t.html"><span class="kw523">time_t</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>timer <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (1) </td>
<td class="t-dcl-nopad">  </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw1">struct</span> <a href="tm.html"><span class="kw522">tm</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>localtime_r<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="time_t.html"><span class="kw523">time_t</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>timer, <span class="kw1">struct</span> <a href="tm.html"><span class="kw522">tm</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>buf <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (2) </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c2x">(C2x 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl t-since-c11">
<td> <div><span class="mw-geshi c source-c"><span class="kw1">struct</span> <a href="tm.html"><span class="kw522">tm</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span>localtime_s<span class="br0">(</span> <span class="kw4">const</span> <a href="time_t.html"><span class="kw523">time_t</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> timer, <span class="kw1">struct</span> <a href="tm.html"><span class="kw522">tm</span></a> <span class="sy2">*</span><span class="kw4">restrict</span> buf <span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span></span></div></td>
<td> (3) </td>
<td> <span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11 起)</span> </td>
</tr>
<tr class="t-dcl-sep"><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 转换给定的纪元起的时间（ <code>timer</code> 所指向的 <span class="t-lc"><a href="time_t.html" title="c/chrono/time t">time_t</a></span> 值）为以 <a href="tm.html" title="c/chrono/tm"><code>struct tm</code></a> 格式表达为本地时间的日历时间。存储结果于静态存储中并返回指向该静态存储的指针。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> ，除了函数对结果使用用户提供的存储 <code>buf</code> 。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">3)</span> 同 <span class="t-v">(1)</span> ，除了函数对结果使用用户提供的存储 <code>buf</code> 。并且在运行时检测下列错误并调用当前安装的<a href="../error/set_constraint_handler_s.html" title="c/error/set constraint handler s">制约处理</a>函数：
<dl><dd><ul><li> <code>time</code> 或 <code>buf</code> 为空指针
</li></ul>
</dd><dd>同所有边界检查函数， <code>localtime_s</code>  仅若实现定义 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> 且用户在包含 <code>time.h</code> 前定义 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">__STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__</span></span> 为整数常量 1 才保证可用。</dd></dl></div>

<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E6.95.B0">参数</span></h3>
<table class="t-par-begin">


<tr class="t-par">
<td>  timer
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  指向待转换的 <code>time_t</code> 对象的指针
</td></tr>
<tr class="t-par">
<td>  buf
</td>
<td> -
</td>
<td>  指向待存储结果的 <code>struct tm</code> 对象的的指针
</td></tr></table>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E8.BF.94.E5.9B.9E.E5.80.BC">返回值</span></h3>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">1)</span> 成功时为指向静态内部 <span class="t-lc"><a href="tm.html" title="c/chrono/tm">tm</a></span> 对象的指针，否则为空指针。该结构体可能在 <span class="t-lc"><a href="gmtime.html" title="c/chrono/gmtime">gmtime</a></span> 、 <code>localtime</code> 及 <span class="t-lc"><a href="ctime.html" title="c/chrono/ctime">ctime</a></span> 间共享并可能在每次调用时被重写。</div>
<div class="t-li1"><span class="t-li">2-3)</span> <code>buf</code> 指针的副本，或在错误（可能为运行时制约违规或转换指定时间为日历时间失败）时为空指针</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E6.B3.A8.E8.A7.A3">注解</span></h3>
<p>函数 <code>localtime</code> 可以不是线程安全的。
</p><p>POSIX 要求 <code>localtime</code> 与 <code>localtime_r</code> 若因为参数过大而失败则设置 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../error/errno.html" title="c/error/errno">errno</a></span> 为 <span class="t-lc"><a href="../error/errno_macros.html" title="c/error/errno macros">EOVERFLOW</a></span> 。
</p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/localtime.html">POSIX 指定</a> <code>localtime</code> 与 <code>localtime_r</code> 如同通过调用 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tzset.html">tzset</a> 确定时区信息，该函数读取环境变量 <span class="t-c"><span class="mw-geshi c source-c">TZ</span></span> 。
</p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/reference/localtime-s-localtime32-s-localtime64-s?view=vs-2019">Microsoft CRT</a> 中的 <code>localtime_s</code> 实现与 C 标准不兼容，因为它有相反的参数顺序。
</p>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E7.A4.BA.E4.BE.8B">示例</span></h3>
<div class="t-example"><div class="t-example-live-link"><div class="coliru-btn coliru-btn-run-init">运行此代码</div></div>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="c source-c"><pre class="de1"><span class="co2">#define __STDC_WANT_LIB_EXT1__ 1</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;time.h&gt;</span>
<span class="co2">#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;</span>
 
<span class="kw4">int</span> main<span class="br0">(</span><span class="kw4">void</span><span class="br0">)</span>
<span class="br0">{</span>
    <a href="time_t.html"><span class="kw523">time_t</span></a> t <span class="sy1">=</span> <a href="time.html"><span class="kw513">time</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="../types/NULL.html"><span class="kw103">NULL</span></a><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"UTC:   %s"</span>, <a href="asctime.html"><span class="kw515">asctime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><a href="gmtime.html"><span class="kw519">gmtime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>t<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"local: %s"</span>, <a href="asctime.html"><span class="kw515">asctime</span></a><span class="br0">(</span>localtime<span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>t<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
 
<span class="co2">#ifdef __STDC_LIB_EXT1__</span>
    <span class="kw1">struct</span> <a href="tm.html"><span class="kw522">tm</span></a> buf<span class="sy4">;</span>
    <span class="kw4">char</span> str<span class="br0">[</span><span class="nu0">26</span><span class="br0">]</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    asctime_s<span class="br0">(</span>str,<span class="kw4">sizeof</span> str,gmtime_s<span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>t, <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>buf<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"UTC:   %s"</span>, str<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    asctime_s<span class="br0">(</span>str,<span class="kw4">sizeof</span> str,localtime_s<span class="br0">(</span><span class="sy3">&amp;</span>t, <span class="sy3">&amp;</span>buf<span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
    <a href="../io/fprintf.html"><span class="kw850">printf</span></a><span class="br0">(</span><span class="st0">"local: %s"</span>, str<span class="br0">)</span><span class="sy4">;</span>
<span class="co2">#endif</span>
<span class="br0">}</span></pre></div></div>
<p>输出：
</p>
<div dir="ltr" class="mw-geshi" style="text-align: left;"><div class="text source-text"><pre class="de1">UTC:   Tue Feb 17 18:12:09 2015
local: Tue Feb 17 13:12:09 2015
UTC:   Tue Feb 17 18:12:09 2015
local: Tue Feb 17 13:12:09 2015</pre></div></div> 
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8">引用</span></h3>
<div class="t-ref-std-11">
<ul><li> C11 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:2011): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.27.3.4 The localtime function (p: 394)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<dl><dd><ul><li> K.3.8.2.4 The localtime_s function (p: 627)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c99">
<ul><li> C99 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1999): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 7.23.3.4 The localtime function (p: 343)
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
<div class="t-ref-std-c89">
<ul><li> C89/C90 standard (ISO/IEC 9899:1990): 
</li></ul>
<dl><dd><ul><li> 4.12.3.4 The localtime function 
</li></ul>
</dd></dl>
</div>
<h3><span class="mw-headline" id=".E5.8F.82.E9.98.85">参阅</span></h3>
<table class="t-dsc-begin">

<tr class="t-dsc">
<td>  <div class="t-dsc-member-div"><div><a href="gmtime.html" title="c/chrono/gmtime"> <span class="t-lines"><span>gmtime</span><span>gmtime_s</span></span></a></div><div><span class="t-lines"><span></span><span><span class="t-mark-rev t-since-c11">(C11)</span></span></span></div></div>
</td>
<td>   将从纪元开始的时间转换成以协调世界时（UTC）表示的日历时间 <br> <span class="t-mark">(函数)</span> </td></tr>

</table></div>
</div>

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